植物の同調繁殖の進化的基盤
Akiko Satake
04/01/07, 13:30 at Room 3631 (6th floor of building 3 of the Faculty of Sciences)
多くの植物の開花および種子生産レベルは、大きく年変動し個体間で同調することが知られている。植物の繁殖にみられるこのような時空間変動は、階層間の相互作用を通じて、種子捕食者や寄生者個体群のダイナミックスを左右する。そこで我々は、植物(rowan)- 種子捕食者(apple fruit moth)- 寄生者(wasps)から成る三者系を対象にして、植物の律動繁殖の波及効果をノルウェー南部で観察された階層的時空間データから読みとった。本セミナーでは、得られた結果をもとに2つの話題を提供する。 Many plant species show masting - their reproductive activity varies across years and is synchronized between different individuals. Masting has been reported to induce population fluctuation of seed consumers, which may in turn have cascading effects in ecosystem through food webs. To quantify the community consequences of masting, we analyzed berry production in rowan in southern Norway and examined the ramifying effects of rowan masting on the dominant seed predator and its parasitoid. Berry production in rowan was spatially synchronized at large scale. The degree of spatial synchrony decreases and cyclicity became obscure with increasing trophic level. The observed pattern of seed predation testified that both of functional and numerical satiations of the predator and parasitiods were at work in this system. These results show that rowan masting has an adaptive foundation, which impacts the dynamics of higher trophic levels. |
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